Fa'aleaganu'ufafaga fa'aopoopokopa sulfatee iai le faaletonuso kekeona o le susuabsorption, malosi oxidability, faaleagaina i meafaigaluega gaosi ma faatelevave toilalo omea'ai, enzymes, vitamini ma ga'o i fafaga,e mafua ai le faʻaitiitia o le palatabilityo fafaga.SUSTARchloride apamemea faavae toluoloafoligamaualalohygroscopicity, leleimafai ona tafe, tulaga mautu, vaivai oxidability ma bioavailability maualuga maoviia o se“fouvale”puna apamemea.
Fa'amatalaga o oloa
Igoa vaila'au:Tri-basic kopa chloride
Fuafuaga mole: Cu₂(OH)₃Cl
Mmamafa olecular: 213.57
Uiga:lanumeamata lanumeamata po'o le pauta lanumeamata lanumeamata,le keke,fa'atasi ai ma mea fa'aletino ma vaila'au leleimafai ona tafe.
Fa'ailoga Fa'aletino ma Vailaau
| Mea'ais | Fa'asinomaga | |
| Cu₂ (OH)₃Cl,% | ≥97.8 | |
| Kopa mea i totonu, % | ≥58 | |
| Arsenic(i lalo ole As), mg/kg | ≤10 | |
| Plumbum(fa'atatau i le Pb), mg/kg | ≤10 | |
| Cadmium (fa'atatau i le Cd), mg/kg | ≤3 | |
| Mercury(i lalo ole Hg), mg/kg | ≤0.1 | |
| Susū, % | ≤0.5 | |
| Lelei (e ala i W=250μm suʻega sieve), % | ≥95 | |
| Manatua: Dioxin ma PCB o loʻo i aii leoloafa'atataui tulaga EU | ||
Oloa Fa'ailogas
lMaulalohygroscopicitymae le masani i le deliquescence.
E mafai e le oloa ona puipuia lelei le tula'i maisusumitiia o le tri-basic copper chloride ma faʻalauteleina le ola teuina.
lLeleitutusa
Faatasi ai ma le fualaʻau saito o le 0.05-0.15mm ma lelei flowability, e mafai ona aloeseoona kopaaua le fa'afefiloi ma fafaga tutusa.
lFa'aitiitiga lelei le gau o mea'ai
Cu2+ o lo'o feso'ota'i e le so'a fa'atasi e fa'aleleiafausagamautu ma faʻavaivaia le faʻamaʻiina o vitamini,phytasema le ga'o i mea'ai.
lMaualuga efa'aletinotaua
Faatasi ai ma le maualuga o le bioavailability,chloride apamemea faavae tolue mafai ona faʻaititia le fua ma faʻaleleia le tuputupu aʻe.
lLelei lelei
O le palatability e fuafua ai le maualuga o le mitiia o mea'ai.Tri-basic kopa chloridee lelei le palatability talu ai lona pH tau e fa'atatauia atau le tutusa.
Fa'aaogāga
(I) Weaned piglets
Fa'aopoopotalafeagaie mafai ona fa'aleleia atili le chloride 'apamemea fa'avae i totonu o aso uma o pua'a ua te'a ma le susuo legaoioiga enzyme antioxidant oCERmaCu/Zn-SODi serum o puaa ua te'a susu ma faaitiitiatali fa'amamafa oxidativemamanava manavafua o pua'a ua te'a ma le susu.
Aafiaga o puna 'apamemea eseese i enzymes antioxidant o puaa
Aafiaga ole TBCC ile manava manava ole puaa ua te'a ma le susu
(II) Gpua'a fa'a-uma
Fa'amautinoa isoifua maloloina ole manavaof puaa fa'a-maeais o letulaga mo le ola maloloina lelei o manu. Le loloto ocrypts intestinalmafaifai ma suile matua oenterocyte. Le intestinal papa'ucrypt oo le malosi ifa'alilo ole manavagaluega o le. Ina ua umapuaa fa'a-maeaua fafaga ichloride apamemea faavae tolu, le loloto ofa'aitiitiga crypt intestinal, fa'aleleia galuega fa'alilolilo intestinal, ma maua i aso uma, fafaga fa'aliliu fuamatino otifaateleina le mamafa.
A'afiaga ole TBCC ile vaega ole intestinal o puaa
A'afiaga ole TBCC ile vaega ole intestinal o puaa
(III) Pato moa
Suesuegafa'aalia le fa'aopoopoina10mg/kgchloride apamemea faavae tolu(pei o le Cu) i totonu o fafaga e tutusa lona aafiaga i le faʻaleleia atili o le tuputupu aʻe,intestinal morphologymaelemene minerales i aano o le pato broiler pei150mg/kg CuSO4(pei o le Cu); a o faaopoopo atu150mg/kgtri-basic copper chloride (e pei o le Cu) e mafai ona sili atu ona faʻaleleia le gaosiga maintestinal morphologyo pato moa.
(IV) Fagogomoa
Tri-basic kopa chloridemafaifa'aosofiafa'alilo o hormones e feso'ota'i matuputupu a'ema le ingestion ma faʻaleleia le faʻaogaina o le puipuiga ma le soifua maloloina faaletino o le intestinal tract, ina ia faʻateleina le gaosiga o le moa broiler ma fafaga taui ma faʻaititia le fua faatatau o meaʻai.
| Puna kopa | Tulaga apamemea | Aso1-21 | Aso22-42 | Aso1-42 | |||||||||
| BW1d g/manulele | BW21d g/manulele | AFI g/manulele | BWG g/manulele | F:G g:g | BW42d g/manulele | AFI g/manulele | BWG g/manulele | F:G g:g | AFI g/manulele | BWG g/manulele | F:G g:g | ||
| CON | 0 | 43.47 | 821.5* | 1057* | 778.0* | 1.359 | 2491* | 2897 | 1670 | 1.734 | 3954 | 2447* | 1.614 |
| CuS | 40 | 43.5 | 847 | 1091 | 803.5 | 1.358 | 2514b | 2901 | 1667 | 1.740 | 3993 | 2471b | 1.616 |
| 80 | 43.45 | 868.4 | 1139 | 825.2 | 1.381 | 2530b | 2916 | 1662 | 1.755 | 4055 | 2487b | 1.630 | |
| 120 | 43.47 | 872.2 | 1123 | 828.7 | 1.356 | 2533b | 2887 | 1661 | 1.738 | 4010 | 2490b | 1.611 | |
| 160 | 43.55 | 869.7 | 1121 | 826.2 | 1.356 | 2549b | 2946 | 1679 | 1.754 | 4067 | 2505b | 1.623 | |
| CUT | 40 | 43.42 | 863.9 | 1101 | 820.7 | 1.341 | 2536b | 2899 | 1672 | 1.733 | 4000 | 2493b | 1.604 |
| 80 | 43.50 | 903.8 | 1168 | 860.2 | 1.357 | 2637a | 2978 | 1734 | 1.718 | 4147 | 2594a | 1.599 | |
| 120 | 43.47 | 886.7 | 1126 | 843.2 | 1.335 | 2555b | 2869 | 1668 | 1.720 | 3995 | 2511b | 1.591 | |
| 160 | 43.48 | 897.6 | 1167 | 854.1 | 1.366 | 2548b | 2857 | 1650 | 1.731 | 4023 | 2504b | 1.607 | |
| SEM | 0.04 | 12.87 | 19.83 | 12.86 | 0.012 | 12.03 | 42.14 | 19.48 | 0.020 | 40.73 | 12.02 | 0.014 | |
Manatua: ac tau e aunoa ma le tutusasuperscriptfa'aalia se eseesega tele (P<0.05); CON: Pulea; CuS:CuS:Copper sulfate; tipi:Tri-basic kopa chloride; AFI:Fa'atauga masani;BWG:Fa'ateleina le mamafa o le tino;F:G:Fa'atatau o mea'ai; * o loʻo faʻatusalia ai se eseesega tele i le puleaina ma vaega 'apamemea uma (P<0.05).
(V) Ruminats
Tri-basic kopa chloridee le mafai ona solu i le vai ma faamatuu mai ai sina Cu2+, o lea e leai seaafiaga teteei Cu, S ma Mo i lerumenae e mafai ona faʻaleleia le bioavailability o le kopa ma le digestibility o le rumen. E le gata i lea, e mafai ona sili atu le faʻateleina o tupe maua ma fafaga i aso umatalanoagafua o manu fagafaoma lemanuia faaleaganuu mafaaitiitiao letau fafaga nai lokopa sulfatema cu-lys.
A'afiaga o puna 'apamemea 'ese'ese i tama'i povi
Aafiaga ole TBCC ile carassius auratus gibelio
(VI) Alafumanu quatic
Fa'aopoopotri-basic kopa chloridei totonufafaga vaie mafai ona faʻaleleia le gaosiga, fua faʻatatau ma le toto biochemical index olafumanu vai mafa'ateleina le inumagala'au la'au la'au, o lea e iai se mea mautinoagafatiaaoga mo le fa'aogaina o mea'ai vai.
Fa'aoga ma Fuafuaga
Avanoa o le talosaga: Weaned piglets, puaa fa'atupu-maea, moa, lafumanus, i'aes, ulasma paas, ma isi.
Fa'aoga ma fua:Totogi og/T fafaga fefiloio loʻo faʻaalia i lalo.
| Fa'aopoopoaofaiga,mg/kg(e tusa ai ma le elemene) | |||
| Vaega o manu | Aigaaofaiga faaopoopo fautuaina | Tapulaa pito i luga | SUSTARfautuainaaofaiga faaopoopo |
| puaa | 3-6 | 125(puaa) | 6.0 –15.0 |
| Moamoa | 6-10 | 8.0 - 15.0 | |
| tamai povi | 15(mua'i fa'ama'i) | 5-10 | |
| 30(isi tamai povi) | 10-25 | ||
| Mamoe | 15 | 5-10 | |
| 'oti | 35 | 10-25 | |
| Crustacea | 50 | 15-30 | |
| Isi | 25 | ||
| Manatua: O le fua fautuaina e mafai ona ausia le manaʻoga autu mo le kopa. Afai ei ai se manaʻoga faʻapitoa, e mafai ona fetuunai le fua. | |||
Fa'amatalaga fa'apipi'i:25kg/ato, ato lua.
Auala e teu ai:Fa'amaufa'ailogaina ma teu i totonu o se nofoaga malulu, fa'alelei lelei ma mago.
Teuga ola:24masina
EU tulaga faatonuina mo dioxin ma PCBs
| Aitema | Tapulaa pito i luga |
| Dioxin | 1ng/kg |
| PCBs | 0.35ng/kg |
| Aotelega o dioxin ma dioxin PCBs | 1.5ng/kg |
| Dioxin PCBs | 10μg/kg |
Feso'ota'iga Fa'asalalau:
Elaine Xu
SUSTAR Group
imeli:elaine@sustarfeed.com
Feavea'i/WhatsApp: +86 18880477902
Taimi meli: Iul-22-2025
